Because they lead to the liberal republican group.
Answer:
The poorer areas of the cities were characterised by overcrowded, badly built, unsanitary living accommodation, and filthy streets. Cholera, carried by dirty water, killed 16,000 Londoners in 1849 alone, and smallpox, scarlet fever, typhus, scurvy and rickets were rife.
Reform elements such as the recall, the referendum, and the initiative were primarily designed to give power to the "voters" since these were created during the Progressive movement in order to ensure that the voices and opinions of the general populus were respected by lawmakers.