The answer is <span>adrenal gland.
</span><span>Hormones are chemical signaling
molecules secreted by glands, either endocrine or exocrine. </span><span>Endocrine glands secrete hormones
directly into the bloodstream without using a duct,
unlike the exocrine glands. Endocrine
glands include pancreas, hypothalamus, pineal gland, pituitary gland, thyroid
gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal gland, ovaries, testes</span>
C. Australia was covered in ice during a key geologic period.
at the time of coal forming, Australia was closest to the south pole, so it was too cold.
I would say the correct answer is:
A.) Increased loss of soil nutrients
The effects on photodynamic therapy of cancer cells in vitro is that retinyl palmitate (RP) can be used 24 h before PDT to enhance its effects. RP is not mutagenic under irradiation with He–Ne laser.
HeLa cells with or without RP (retinyl palmitate) that was incubated with the cells for a short or long incubation period prior to PDT are typically used to test the effects of PDT (photodynamic therapy) using hematoporphyrin derivatives (HpD) as photosensitizer under He-Ne laser irradiation.
No photodecomposition of RP alone is visible, but a small amount is seen of in the presence of HpD under He-Ne laser irradiation is seen. No photomutagenicity is often seen under laser irradiation. HeLa cell viability can be dramatically reduced by RP alone. A 24 hour incubation period before PDT increased the cytotoxicity of PDT on HeLa cells.
Therefore, retinyl palmitate (RP) can be used 24 h before PDT to enhance its effects. RP is not mutagenic under irradiation with He–Ne laser.
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