If the nitrogenous base is made of two rings that means it's a purine(adenine, guanine), if it's made of one ring that means it's a pyrimidine(cytosine,thymine, uracil).
New islands, new volcanic rock and on land formed from glacial retreats.
Water will be a product in a dehydration reaction. For example, when copper sulfate hydrate is heated, the water of crystallization vaporizes, leaving behind copper sulfate anhydrate.
A lichen is an organism that results from a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism. The other organism is usually a cyanobacterium or green alga. The fungus grows around the bacterial or algal cells.