Answer:
- multiple pathways
- ligands/signaling molecules
- inorganic phosphate
- inactive relay proteins
Explanation:
Receptor Tyrosine Kinase:
- Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) is the largest class of enzyme linked cell surface receptors.
- When a growth factor or a ligand binds to two neighboring RTK receptors, the two receptors bind together and form a dimer.
- This change in the conformation of the RTKs activates the associated tyrosine kinase enzymes.
- Tyrosine kinases break down ATP to ADP and phosphorylate the RTKs. Cross phosphorylation between the receptors helps activate multiple tyrosine kinases on the neighboring RTK.
- Once phosphorylated, the cytoplasmic ends of the RTKs are available for docking by relay proteins or signaling molecules with an SH-2 domain.
During middle age, the ability to hear higher-pitched sounds declines first.
Presbycusis is the aging-hearing loss that occurs as a result of the aging process. It is a slow process that affects botrh ears equally thus difficult to notice, the first signs is the inability to understand speech in noisy environments and high frequency sounds.
Mice that are deficient for Apaf1 or caspase-9 are defective for cytochrome dependent apoptosis. Apoptosis is a critical event in development, allowing excess brain cells to be weeded out. The extent of brain overgrowth and the size of the cranial protrusions indicate that the pruning process in the developing brain must be massive. The dramatic effects of the deficiencies of Apaf1 and caspase-9 suggest that the cytochrome c-dependent apoptotic pathway the intrinsic pathway must be critically important in brain development.
Answer:
c. The current changes are happening much faster than past changes.
Explanation:
This is correct because the earth's atmosphere is warming at an exceedingly high rate. This is due to the rise in amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere among other factors. If the current trends were a representation of Earth's natural climate cycle then they would not be as high as they are now.
Have a great day. I assure you this is the correct answer. Let me know if you have any questions on this topic.
