Hobbes defines contract as "the mutual transferring of right." In the state of nature, everyone has the right to everything - there are no limits to the right of natural liberty. The social contract is the agreement by which individuals mutually transfer their natural right.
Caused rain forest destruction sending animals migrating and making the forest smaller.
Generally speaking it would be "political science" that is the academic discipline that focuses on the study of the roles and functions of government, although in some institutions the major is simply "government".
The rainy day is a symbol of life. The idea behind it is that life is like a rainy day because rain represents bad things that happens to you. The poem points out that we shouldn't be miserable because of it because even when there's rain, there's always sunshine behind it so just keep calm and carry on with life and things will get better.