Answer:
-Congress's hostility to changes
-Congress's hostility to changes
-the absence of widespread support for school desegregation measures
Although the Crusades are popularly viewed as religiously inspired campaigns to recapture the Holy Land, students should recognize them as a result of the social and economic events in Europe between 1000 and 1200. Religious and secular leaders seeking to end the fighting among feudal lords seized upon the Crusades as a means of redirecting that aggression. Feudal knights who would not be inheriting their family properties eagerly enlisted in the Crusades as a way to win wealth or status. The idea of the pilgrimage was a powerful one, and the Crusades were basically armed pilgrimages to the Holy Land. The various Crusades ultimately failed. The sack of Constantinople was a fitting denouement to the whole concept. The interaction with the East brought to Europe not only Arabic translations of Greek texts, but also original Arabic and Iranian scientific and philosophical works.
<span>During the Cold War, the US did everything it could to stop the spread of Communism. It believed at that time in the 'Domino Theory' that if one country fell to Communism, all countries in the area would do so.
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Because it provided them with guns and rum.
B. its flying buttresses. Builders employed the first true flying buttresses (during the 1180s) to increase the window size and secure the soaring 115-foot-high vault. The <u>flying buttress</u>, an arched, skeletal exterior support, counters the lateral thrust of the nave vault and transfers its weight outward, over the side aisles (where it is resolved into and supported by a vertical external buttress, rising from the ground).
<em>The Notre Dame Cathedral (France) is the official seat of the Archbishop of Paris. Its architecture is one of the first examples of the use of flying buttresses, and the cathedral features numerous statues and </em><u><em>stained glass windows</em></u><em>. The original flying buttresses represented a structural innovation that would become central to the future development of Gothic architecture.</em>
