I think the answer will be option c
The resource that were vital to early African civilizations for survival is iron. Option A. This is further explained below.
<h3>What are iron and African civilizations?</h3>
Generally, Tools for farming and daily living, as well as weapons for defense and conquest, were made from iron by the Africans.
In conclusion, Iron was a life-supporting resource for ancient African civilizations.
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I know it had something to do with the Indian. look up Punjab region.
c) An academic journal that describes all of the presidential candidate's political beliefs and philosophies
The best answer is - every aspect of our electric life.
Westinghouse was an an inventor and entreprenur that lived around the same time when Thomas Alva Edison lived. I't is also not surprising to mention that they were grand rivals, as they were inventing things in the same field. Namely, Westinghouse developed a system that distributes electricity based on alternating current which is also the type we still use today and thus surpassed the idea of Edison which was based on the idea of direct current.