The answer for this question is (d)
Answer:
It depends on what you have been taught, but I would personally say negative because of the diseases that destroyed Native Americans and the rise of slavery.
On the flip side, if you're thinking of positive, it did help exchange new ideas and goods (the Columbian Exchange) between the worlds. It also allowed a safe haven for those persecuted (like the Protestants) and allowed countries to dump their inmates onto the new land.
Answer:
The middle class expanded as a result of industrialization.
Answer:
He wanted to prevent political parties, because he knew that eventually this would lead to a divided nation which would mean the concept of "peace" and "freedom" in america would slowly break apart.
