Answer:
The correct answer is The Theory of complexity.
Explanation:
The Theory of Complexity and Organizations, also called complexity strategy or adaptive complex organization, is the use of complexity theory in the field of strategic management and organizational studies.
The complexity theory has been used in the fields of strategic management and organizational studies. Areas of application include an understanding of how organizations or companies adapt to their environment and how they deal with situations of uncertainty. The theory treats organizations and companies as collections of strategies and structures. The structure is complex, because they are dynamic networks of interactions, and their relationships are not the result of the aggregation of individual static entities. They are adaptive; Because individual and collective behaviors mutate and organize themselves in response to the initial changes of micro events or the total set of events.
Answer:
c. can be identified only if it has been unsuccessfully challenged by competitors
Explanation:
Competitive advantage is a favorable attribute that a business possesses, making it outperform its competitors. Competitive advantage enables the company to utilize its resources efficiently, resulting in more customers and higher profits than rivals.
A firm will retain its competitive advantage if its competitors fail to replicate or match its favorable traits. Its position as the market leader will remain unchallenged until competitors develop attributes that can match its unique traits. In other words, a competitive advantage position remains relevant if competitors have challenged it unsuccessfully.
It depends on what kind of "general partnership" we are talking about. However I would say in general, a verbal agreement would be the best way to form, for example, a business partnership.
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The Ajax Corporation issues bonds that pay a minimum of 6% interest but that can pay more if corporate earnings reach certain specified levels. The holder of the bond may exchange it for stock of the corporation. This bond would be a convertible participating bond.
Explanation:
A Convertible participating bond is a stock portfolio that, in addition to the preferred dividend, grants owners the right to claim surplus earnings (along with shareholders).
A convertible bond has become a fixed-income debt instrument that pays interest but can be exchanged to a specified number of common stocks or shareholdings. At certain periods during bond tenure, the conversion between bond to stock is performed and typically at bondholder's choice.