You can find other articles to see if they have the same information. Do your research on the topic at hand, in other words.
The answer is 1. The associations that go with a word
In Chekhov's "The Bet," the banker and the lawyer both learn the futility of their wager, as they have found that life and its conditions differ greatly from their more youthful perceptions. The lawyer learns that his sweeping statement that life on any terms is better than death...
So as to not expose the truth. I’m unsure about the background of the question
