The correct answer is political parties. A presidential directive to an agency directing it to alter its administration of policies along lines prescribed in the memorandum. When a presidential memorandum is published in the Federal Register, it assumes the same legal standing of an executive order.
Dr. King's response to this was to write his letter. Dr. King says that it is normal and healthy discontent can be channeled into the creative outlet of nonviolent direct action.
id.
D: the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)