Answer:
The answer is <em><u>D.
</u></em>
Explanation:
Viruses can evade the processing and presentation of antigens, for example by interfering with the expression of MHC class I proteins, although this increases their susceptibility to be detected by natural killer cells (NK). However, some members of the herpesvirus, papillomavirus, retrovirus, poxvirus and flavivirus families have also developed strategies to escape the attack of NK cells and promote their survival, inhibiting cell apoptosis. Finally, some pathogens often change surface antigens frequently, as in the case of influenza viruses (orthomyxovirus).
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects CD4 + T cells and degrades the host's ability to counterattack with a strong cell-mediated immune response. There are so many tactics of immune evasion used by HIV, which have so far hindered the development of an effective vaccine.
You will run and breathe heavily for a long period of time. is affecting your pH levels, Lowering the pH, making it more acidic.
- A. Lowering the pH, making it more acidic.
<h3>How does respiratory rate affect pH?</h3>
When it is respiratory, it occurs due to an increase in the amount of volatile acids in the body, which lead to an increase in pCO2. When it is metabolic, it occurs due to the accumulation of non-volatile acids, which lead to the loss (excessive consumption) of bases, mainly bicarbonate, causing a drop in pH.
With this information, we can conclude that By eliminating carbon dioxide during expiration, pulmonary ventilation reduces the acidity of the blood, helping it to maintain the desired alkalinity level.
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