Scout's response illustrates her innocence and perspective. Scout realizes that social factors and opportunities play an important role in one's social class, but do not represent an individual's true character. Scout believes that each person is born equal, regardless of race or class. Her perspective and beliefs reflect her father's tolerant disposition, which he has successfully passed down to his daughter.
In order to better understand that quote, one has to contrast it with Jem's view of people, the division in four types of "folks". By contrast, Scout's position regards only one kind of "folks", just "folks", that is, just humans.
Trees fall in winter,
So the birds refuse to sing,
This is treacherous.
Hyperbole is used when Shakespeare is speaking about his mistress. He is actually over exaggerating how ugly and repulsive his mistress is. He is saying that she doesn't have a lovely blush to her face when he says "But no such roses see I in her cheeks." He is also saying that her breath is awful when he contrasts her breath to nice perfume and says "than in the breath that from my mistress reeks."
The answer should be C. A and B are predictions and D is incorrect