There are no answer choices, but I know the mitochondria create energy for the cell.
Answer:
In order for the sodium motive force to provide useful energy for the cell the organism must contain sodium ion gradient or potential across the membrane.
Explanation:
If the concentration of sodium is high in the inter membrane space than that of matrix then a sodium gradient is generated across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
The transport of sodium ions from inter membrane space to matrix through the sodium ion channel result in the generation of sodium motive force,that is used to provide energy to the cell.
Answer:
If that is a picture of DNA, then nucleic acids are the most common macromolecule
Explanation:
In gram positive bacteria have a peptidoglycan layer outside of the cell wall. Gram negative bacteria have peptidoglycan between membranes.
The natural penicillin have activity against non beta lactamase producing gram - positive cocci, which includes such as - viridans streptococci, anaerobic streptococcus. Penicillin work indirectly bursting bacteria cell walls. It kills bacteria through binding of that betalactum ring.
Gram positive bacteria have a much thicker layer of peptidoglycan and lack of the protection of an outer membrane. This class , penicillin was first antibiotic to be used widely and prevents the final cross linking step. There are some more classes of penicillin like- natural , penicillin-stable, aminopenicillins and extended-spectrum penicillin.
To learn more about gram positive bacteria here
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Cell is limited in size for many reasons. Cells wouldn't be respire effectively if it were too large, because the surface area to the volume ratio would be too small.
The other thing is that if the cell were too large, it would be difficult for it to move nutrients and waste products in and out of the cell. So, cells are limited in size.
