The answers are insertion, deletion and substitution respectively.
<h3><u>Explanation</u>:</h3>
The mutation is the phenomenon which includes some alteration of the genetic material of the organism by either insertion, deletion or substitution of one or more nitrogen base pairs by others. This phenomenon was invented by Scientist Sir Hugo de Vries, who was also called as the Father of Mutation.
The insertion includes the addition of one or few nitrogen base pairs within the DNA which changes the codon pattern, thereby changing the protein coded from that part of DNA. T
The deletion includes the deletion of a part of DNA with similar effect as that of Insertion.
The substitution is the change of nitrogen bases by other bases which also leads to change in protein produced by the part of Genetic material.