Answer:
(A) demanders of loanable funds, they must borrow from households.
Explanation:
The firms are the one which do business of producing goods, or of providing services, it basically need money to run their business. Therefore, it demands money and borrows from banks or households, from households by issuing bonds, shares to individual investors etc:.
This clearly states that the firms are the one's who take loans and then the returns are paid to government in the form of taxes.
Thus, the correct option is :
Statement A
Answer:
P0 = $216.18147448015 rounded off to $216.18
Explanation:
The dividend discount model (DDM) can be used to calculate the price of the stock today. DDM calculates the price of a stock based on the present value of the expected future dividends from the stock. The formula for price today under DDM is,
P0 = D1 / (1+r) + D2 / (1+r)^2 + ... + Dn / (1+r)^n + [(Dn * (1+g) / (r - g)) / (1+r)^n]
Where,
- D1, D2, ... , Dn is the dividend expected in Year 1,2 and so on
- g is the constant growth rate in dividends
- r is the discount rate or required rate of return
P0 = 4 * (1+0.5) / (1+0.15) + 4 * (1+0.5)^2 / (1+0.15)^2 +
4 * (1+0.5)^3 / (1+0.15)^3 + [(4 * (1+0.5)^3 * (1+0.1) / (0.15 - 0.1)) / (1+0.15)^3]
P0 = $216.18147448015 rounded off to $216.18
Answer:
It can be a smart strategy if the country has a significant amount of soft power (power not on military or economic terms, but on cultural and social terms).
Explanation:
For example, Sweden is a country that enjoys a high level of prestige around the world, because it is a very well developed country, with a very high standard of living, an economic model that many people admire (the Nordic Model), and several cultural exports like Volvo cars, or ABBA, that enjoy popularity around the world.
IKEA, in that sense, is like another Swedish cultural export, and when people go to an IKEA, they go expecting to find something "Swedish", so in this sense, the strategy can clearly pay off because of the soft power that Sweden has.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Automatic stabilizers are tools built into federal budgets that reduce the impact of the business cycle. They are “automatic” because they happen without requiring anyone to take any action. When aggregate demand decreases, two actions kick in automatically. First, income taxes will go down because the amount of income has decreased. At the same time, transfer payments like unemployment compensation and welfare benefits will increase. As a result, consumption will not decrease by as much as it would have.
Automatic stabilizers might not smooth out the business cycle completely, but they do make the swings of the business cycle less extreme. Automatic stabilizers are any part of the government budget that offsets fluctuations in aggregate demand. They offset fluctuations in demand by reducing taxes and increasing government spending during a recession, and they do the opposite in expansion.
Taxes work as an automatic stabilizer by increasing disposable income in downturns and decreasing disposable income during booms.
We need to compare the present values (PV) of all the expenses of all the investments to make an investment decision. The formula of PV = ((C1/(1+r)1) + ((C2/(1+r)2) + ((C3/(1+r)3) +…….+ ((Cn/(1+r)n) + present value of investment – present value of the salvage value
Where, Cn refers to the expense incurred in the nth period and r is the rate of interest per period.
For Machine A, present value of the expenses is
= ((1600/(1+0.20)1) + ((1600/(1+0.20)2) + 15,000 – ((3000/(1+0.20)2)
= 1333.33 + 1111.11 + 15000 – 2083.33
= 15361.11
For Machine B, present value of the expenses is
= ((400/(1+0.20)1) + ((400/(1+0.20)2) + ((400/(1+0.20)3) + ((400/(1+0.20)4) + 25,000 - ((4000/(1+0.20)2)
= 333.33 + 277.77 + 25,000 – 2777.77
= 22833.33
We can see that Machine A is the least cost alternative; therefore, Machine A should be selected.