So, the answers in order are:
A. D. D. C. D. C. C. C. B. A. A. B.
Hope this helps!
Answer - Transcendentalism
The philosophy that is most closely
associated with Thoreau is Transcendentalism. A central belief of transcendentalism is in the innate goodness of people
and nature. His philosophical movement arose as a reaction the general state of
intellectualism and spirituality in eastern U.S in the late 1820s and 1830s.
Many historians agree that westward expansion was indeed the primary source of contention between the North and South in the sense that it made the question os slavery unavoidable. Each new state had to be determined slave or free--leading to disagreements that led to the Civil War.
Answer:
Madison is of the opinion that the national government is also federal, with the concept of it being more stronger and influential when viewed in contrast to the states that should boost the 'probability of duration, promoting happiness and good order'.
Madison made an effort to bring clarity to the idea of possessing a national government in a federal system to explain that the national government ought to be federal because if its has more power when compared to the states, it would lead to the rise and blooming of happiness and good order.
