Mary Brown's dog symbolizes the child in a way the police can get away with the killing even if the child or citizens are innocent.
The police showing no remorse about killing an innocent life of the dog/child demonstrates the corruption of the environment there.
Answer: ''...should not be changed for light and transient causes''
Explanation:
Prudence is the quality of being careful such that one does not make a decision with too much haste but rather weighs the decision before making it such that the decision is not made for light or transient reasons.
In the Declaration of Independence, the Founding Fathers tried to explain that the declaration was made with prudence because with such a long lasting Government as the British, changes should not be made unless absolutely warranted and events had warranted the declaration.