I believe the first one is 'physical geography' :-)
Darwin is a great example. He created the theory of evolution, but because of the church ridiculing him, he couldn't come forth with his findings. Some parts of science may seem outlandish to society, and that can be very difficult to deal with.
One way is that the sun is heating up the world causing droughts and causing the water level to rise to cause floods
Many deserts seperate different countries as well as mountain ranges that cut off middle east from southwest Asia.
