Answer:
The correct option is b. lower esophageal sphincter
Explanation:
The esophagus is the initial part of the digestive tract and its function is the transport of the alimentary bolus from the pharynx to the stomach, through the thorax and avoid the reflux thereof. It begins and ends in two sphincter structures, the upper esophageal sphincter and the lower esophageal sphincter, which separate it from the pharynx and stomach. The lower esophageal sphincter has two functions: relax during swallowing and prevent reflux of the gastric contents into the esophagus in the postdeglutory period. After swallowing, there is a relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, pressure dropping to levels similar to those of the gastric fundus, which allows the bolus to enter the stomach. This relaxation lasts a few seconds and is followed by a strong contraction that prevents backflow of food.
An immunoglobulin molecule of any class with regions symbolized as C or V, H or L, has a light chain made up of one C region and one V region.
The glycoproteins known as immunoglobulins (Ig), often known as antibodies, are created by plasma cells. A number of immunogens, including bacterial proteins, promote B cells' conversion to plasma cells. These cells, which make proteins, are involved in humoral immune reactions to bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, cellular antigens, chemicals, and synthetic compounds. Using a B-cell receptor, the immunogen or antigen adheres to the B cells' cell surface (BCR).
As a result, a signal is generated that directs the activation of transcription factors, leading to the manufacture of highly specific antibodies for the immunogen that initially activated the B cell. Furthermore, one B cell clone produces immunoglobulin (specificity). Two light chains and two heavy chains that alternate in a light-heavy-heavy-light pattern make up antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins. Therefore, choice A is the right response.
Learn more about immunoglobulins here, brainly.com/question/28203010
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Answer: When a blood cells is place in Hypertonic solution, water will rush out of the cell, the cell will shrinks or crenates. This is because the solute concentration outside the cell is greater than solute concentration inside the cell.
Explanation:
Hypertonic solution is a solution that have greater or higher solute concentration outside the cell compare to the solute concentration inside the cell.
<h2>Answer:</h2>
<u>Soil erosion can occur in the area where trees are less</u>
<h2>Explanation:</h2>
As we know that trees have long roots spread into soil to a larger distance. Soil erosion occurs when the soil takes the surface land with it. So if the trees are present there they will keep the soil firm and stop it from sliding. Therefore the erosion can probably occur in the land where there are no trees.
