When it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere, the Southern Hemisphere faces the Sun more directly and thus experiences warmer temperatures than the Northern Hemisphere. Meaning that the date is June 21- summer
Answer:
The correct answer is -
1. totipotent
2 multipotent
3. pluripotent
Explanation:
The cells that are able to develop or differentiate a different kind of cells in the body of the individual are known as totipotent cells and this ability is known as totipotency. An example of such cells is found in the zygote.
Multipotent on the other hand are the cells that are able to develop into a specific kind of cell of tissues these cells are present and the example of this type of cell is adult stem cells. Whereas Embryonic stem cells are Pluripotent cells that are characterized as the cells that develop into any type of cell of the body of an organism.
Answer:
DNA vaccines consist of DNA vectors or plasmids (small double-stranded DNA rings originally derived from bacteria, but unable to cause infection) into which the genes encoding one or more immunizing proteins of the infectious agent have been inserted causing the disease to be prevented.
Explanation:
Vectors are the functional unit of naked DNA vaccines. Genes that encode the proteins of interest and are of bacterial origin are inserted into these vectors. Bacterial plasmids are circular DNA molecules that self-replicate extrachromosomally in bacteria. The genes encoded in these plasmids are under the control of promoters, almost always of viral origin. When a plasmid is introduced into the cell it translocates to the nucleus, where transcription of the transgene begins; the transcripts are then taken to the cytoplasm and translated there. The newly synthesized proteins are degraded in the proteasome to 8-10 amino acid peptides, which are transported to the endoplasmic reticulum. Peptides of high affinity with their respective MHC I molecule stabilize and enter the secretory pathway, thus reaching the cell surface, where they are coupled with the T-lymphocyte receptor (TcR) present on the surface of T lymphocytes cytotoxic drugs (CD8 +) to induce their activation.
Answer:
Compounds from different organisms are being used widely bu humans for their benefits. Some of the compounds are used as drugs. For example, penicillin is used as a drug or antibiotic. There are many plants which provides humans with other types of medicines and herbal remedies. There are other compounds which are used for cancer treatment. For example, taxol is a compound obtained from trees which are being used as anticancer drugs.
Explanation:
The infectious diseases are considered as emerging when their occurrences have increased in the past few years and could increase in the coming time like SARS, H1N1, or HIV/Aids.
On the other hand, the re-emerging infectious disorders are those, which were once considered as the major health issues globally or in a specific nation, and then got diminished drastically, however, are again turning into the health issues for a substantial ratio of the population like tuberculosis and malaria.
