The answer is: conditioned stimulus (CS)
Conditioned stimulus refers to the neutral stimulus that trigger a specific response after being associated for a prolonged period of time with unconditioned stimulus.
In the case above:
- the toilet flush is previously a neutral stimulus that does not trigger any response.
- The toilet flush later on paired with unconditioned stimulus (hot water) that make jeff scream in pain
- Because of this, the toilet flush become a conditioned stimulus. This make jeff associate the toilet flush with hot water and make him twitch whenever he hear toilet flush while bathing.
Well for this questian it would depend what time you are refering to i m going to assume that what you mean is when the United States was first settling here in America. it would have been very life changing for anyone for example you can choose your own religon you have a better chance of surviving and not have crule punishmens etc
15. B
16.A or D
17. C
18 C
19 B
20 C
Hope this helps
Some of the 13 colonies were established by Charter under a grant of authority from the English crown