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timama [110]
3 years ago
14

What does a proportion look like?

Mathematics
1 answer:
AURORKA [14]3 years ago
6 0

A proportion looks like this:

a\div b = c\div d

It means that the quantity a,b,c and d are in the same proportion: the ratio between a and b is the same ratio between c and d.

They are particularly useful in situation when you have an example given, and you want to extrapolate the relationship for another couple.

For example, you can think of the following problem: "Five apples cost 2 dollars. How much will 8 apples cost?"

You can build the proportion

5\div 2 = 8\div x

And then solve it for x:

\dfrac{5}{2}=\dfrac{8}{x} \iff 5x=16 \iff x = \dfrac{16}{5} = 3.2

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Step-by-step explanation:

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Answer:

\mu_p -\sigma_p = 0.74-0.0219=0.718

\mu_p +\sigma_p = 0.74+0.0219=0.762

68% of the rates are expected to be betwen 0.718 and 0.762

\mu_p -2*\sigma_p = 0.74-2*0.0219=0.696

\mu_p +2*\sigma_p = 0.74+2*0.0219=0.784

95% of the rates are expected to be betwen 0.696 and 0.784

\mu_p -3*\sigma_p = 0.74-3*0.0219=0.674

\mu_p +3*\sigma_p = 0.74+3*0.0219=0.806

99.7% of the rates are expected to be betwen 0.674 and 0.806

Step-by-step explanation:

Check for conditions

For this case in order to use the normal distribution for this case or the 68-95-99.7% rule we need to satisfy 3 conditions:

a) Independence : we assume that the random sample of 400 students each student is independent from the other.

b) 10% condition: We assume that the sample size on this case 400 is less than 10% of the real population size.

c) np= 400*0.74= 296>10

n(1-p) = 400*(1-0.74)=104>10

So then we have all the conditions satisfied.

Solution to the problem

For this case we know that the distribution for the population proportion is given by:

p \sim N(p, \sqrt{\frac{p(1-p)}{n}})

So then:

\mu_p = 0.74

\sigma_p =\sqrt{\frac{0.74(1-0.74)}{400}}=0.0219

The empirical rule, also referred to as the three-sigma rule or 68-95-99.7 rule, is a statistical rule which states that for a normal distribution, almost all data falls within three standard deviations (denoted by σ) of the mean (denoted by µ). Broken down, the empirical rule shows that 68% falls within the first standard deviation (µ ± σ), 95% within the first two standard deviations (µ ± 2σ), and 99.7% within the first three standard deviations (µ ± 3σ).

\mu_p -\sigma_p = 0.74-0.0219=0.718

\mu_p +\sigma_p = 0.74+0.0219=0.762

68% of the rates are expected to be betwen 0.718 and 0.762

\mu_p -2*\sigma_p = 0.74-2*0.0219=0.696

\mu_p +2*\sigma_p = 0.74+2*0.0219=0.784

95% of the rates are expected to be betwen 0.696 and 0.784

\mu_p -3*\sigma_p = 0.74-3*0.0219=0.674

\mu_p +3*\sigma_p = 0.74+3*0.0219=0.806

99.7% of the rates are expected to be betwen 0.674 and 0.806

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