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satela [25.4K]
3 years ago
15

You have been recently hired as an assistant controller for XYZ Industries, a large, publically held manufacturing company. Your

immediate supervisor is the controller who also reports directly to the VP of Finance. The controller has assigned you the task of preparing the year-end adjusting entries. In the receivables area, you have prepared an aging accounts receivable and have applied historical percentages to the balances of each of the age categories. The analysis indicates that an appropriate estimated balance for the allowance for uncollectible accounts is $180,000. The existing balance in the allowance account prior to any adjusting entry is a $20,000 credit balance.
After showing your analysis to the controller, he tells you to change the aging category of a large account from over 120 days to current status and to prepare a new invoice to the customer with a revised date that agrees with the new aging category. This will change the required allowance for uncollectible accounts from $180,000 to $135,000. Tactfully, you ask the controller for an explanation for the change, and he tells you, We need the extra income; the bottom line is too low.

Required:
a. What is the effect on income before taxes of the change requested by the controller? Consider your options and responsibilities along with the possible consequences of any action you might take.
b. Discuss the ethical dilemma you face and what you would do. Do you agree with your classmates' intended actions?
Business
1 answer:
soldi70 [24.7K]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

XYZ

a. The Effect on Income Before Taxes of the Change of Ageing Analysis:

The Income before Taxes would be $45,000 ($180,000 - $20,000) -   ($135,000 - 20,000) more than the income that should have been reported.  Assuming the Income Taxes were to be based on the increased income figure, XYZ would have an increased tax liability by say $18,000 (45,000 x 40%).  This reduces the Retained Earnings (or Stockholders Equity) by $18,000.  The company would in actual fact, be reporting a net income of $27,000 more than it should have reported.  This is very deceptive for all those who would be using the reported financial statement in making their decisions.  Unfortunately, we would have showed the affected customer that we are dubious in our business practise, further jeopardizing the chance of full recovery of the debt.  This is apart from taking into consideration the type of customer that would be ready to accept a revised invoice that was formerly past due.

b.  The ethical dilemma is doing the right thing according to Rights Theory.  We cannot say we have adhered to a set of rules (the U.S GAAP or the IFRS) when in fact we are violating an important rule of fair presentation of the elements of the financial statement.

I would try to convince the controller to rescind his suggestion and follow the rules.  We understand that making allowance for uncollectibles is an estimate based on judgement.  However, since we have established the basis and even stated it in the notes to the financial statements, I think that we should follow through.

Explanation:

The year's Uncollectible Expense should be $160,000 ($180,000 - $20,000).  If the allowance for the year were to be adjusted from $180,000 to $135,000, it means that the Uncollectible Expense would then be $115,000 ($135,000 - $20,000).  We will be under-reporting the Uncollectible Expense by a difference of $45,000 ($160,000 - $115,000), thereby boosting the net income before tax by $45,000.

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Simon Corporation manufactures hydraulic valves. The product life of a valve is 4 years. Target average profit margin for Simon
Luda [366]

Answer:

Allowable unit cost of a hydraulic valve using the target costing model = 52.4

Explanation:

Given that:

Simon Corporation manufactures hydraulic valves. The product life of a valve is 4 years.

Target average profit margin for Simon 20.00%

The company does not expect the manufacturing cost to vary over the next 4 years

Estimated sales volume and the unit selling price of the valve for the next 4 years is given below:

Year                  Sales volume (units)                   Unit selling price

Year 1                       40,000                                 $80.00

Year 2                      50,000                                 $75.00

Year 3                     35,000                                   $50.00

Year 4                      25,000                                  $45.00

The objective is to determine the allowable unit cost of a hydraulic valve using the target costing model.

The Cost for each unit selling price can be calculated as:

= unit selling price - (Target average profit margin × unit selling price)

For Year 1

=  $80.00- (0.2 × $80.00)

= $80.00 - $16.00

= $64.00

For Year 2

= $75.00 - ( 0.2 × $75.00)

= $75.00 - ( $15.00)

= $60.00

Year 3

= $50.00 - (0.2× $50.00)

= $50.00 - $10.00

= $40.00

Year 4

= $45.00 - (0.2 × $45.00)

=$45.00 - $9.00

= $36.00

Year       Sales volume    Unit                Cost          Cost per Unit

                (units)             selling price  

Year 1       40,000          $80.00          $64.00       $2560000

Year 2      50,000          $75.00          $60.00       $3000000

Year 3      35,000          $50.00          $40.00        $1400000

Year 4       25,000          $45.00         $36.00        $900000

Total:        150000                                                    $7860000

Allowable unit cost = Total cost/Total number of unit cost

Allowable unit cost = $7860000/150000

Allowable unit cost = 52.4

6 0
2 years ago
When analyzing financial statements it is important to recognize that accounting distortions can arise. Accounting distortions a
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Answer:

The correct answer is B. arise often through application of (correct) accounting principles .

Explanation:

Accounting analysis is an important precondition for an effective financial analysis. This is because the quality of the financial analysis, and the inferences made, depends on the quality of the implicit accounting information, the raw material for the analysis. Even though the accounting according to the accumulation principle allows to perceive the financial performance and condition of a company, which is not possible in the case of cash-based accounting, the imperfections of the company can distort the economic content of the financial reports.

5 0
2 years ago
The substitution effect of an increase in the price of Raisin Bran refers to Select one: a. the decrease in the demand for Raisi
EleoNora [17]

Answer:

the fact that the higher price of Raisin Bran relative to its substitutes, such as Cheerios, causes consumers to buy less Raisin Bran.

Explanation:

the substitution effect arises when as a result of a rise in the price of a good, the good becomes more expensive relative to its substitutes. Consumers not consume less of the good and more of the substitute. This leads to a movement up along the demand curve for that goods and not a movement along the demand curve for the good and not a shift of the demand curve.

If the price of the good increases. The good becomes cheaper when compared with substitutes. As a result, the demand for the good increases while that of the substitutes decreases.

The income effect is when an increase in price lowers consumer's purchasing power, holding money income constant.

5 0
2 years ago
Sarasota Company has a factory machine with a book value of $86,300 and a remaining useful life of 7 years. It can be sold for $
RUDIKE [14]

Answer:

See the explanation for answer

Explanation:

Analysis showing whether the old machine should be retained or replaced is as prepared below:

                                                     Retain        Replace            Net Income

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Variable manufacturing costs 43,63,100 32,32,600 11,30,500

New machine costs                     0    3,59,000 -3,59,000

Sell old machine                             0          -33,500          33,500

Total                                       43,63,100   35,58,100   8,05,000

The old factory machine should be replaced as there is increase in net income by 805,000 when old machine is replaced.

4 0
3 years ago
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Murljashka [212]
The answer to this is true
4 0
3 years ago
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