Answer:The ratio of the concentrations of and when the buffer has a pH of 7.02 is 0.69
Explanation:
The dissociation constant for formic acid =
Concentration of HA= 0.5 mM
Concentration of = 0.1 mM
pH = 6.16
First we have to calculate the value of .
Using Henderson Hesselbach equation :
Now put all the given values in this expression, we get:
To calculate the ratio of the concentrations of and when the buffer has a pH of 7.02.
Using Henderson Hesselbach equation :
Thus the ratio of the concentrations of and when the buffer has a pH of 7.02 is 0.69
<span>The troposphere is the correct answer.</span>
Answer:
option c. viroid control
Explanation:
The chestnut tree in Europe is infected by a fungus called <em>Cryphonectria parasitica </em>that<em> </em>causes a disease called chestnut blight. The disease is controlled by a biological control method called hypovirulence.
The hypovirulence is a virus that attacks the fungal pathogen (<em>Cryphonectria parasitica </em><em>)</em> of chestnut tree. This fungal virus decreases the ability of fungal pathogen to cause chestnut blight disease. This technique prevents the chestnut plant after huge destruction of it in Europe.
The pathogen that have virus is introduced naturally over the plant. This reduces the infection and allows the natural growth of trees. Thus, option C is correct.
Regular water temperature has a high surface tension. Without surface tension, small particles like dust could sink into the water and kill marine life that live below. This could cause whole ecosystems to be destroyed. I hope this helps!
Density-dependent factors include disease, competition, and predation. Density-dependant factors can have either a positive or a negative correlation to population size. With a positive relationship, these limiting factors increase with the size of the population and limit growth as population size increases.