Stress is a physical response of our body to a stimulus. When stressed, the body thinks it is under attack and switches to “fight or flight” mode, releasing a complex mix of hormones and chemicals such as adrenaline, cortisol and norepinephrine to prepare the body for physical action.
Maintaining a state of stress for long periods can be detrimental to health. The results of elevated cortisol levels may be an increase in sugar and blood pressure levels and a decrease in libido.
The Executive Department does not call its chief administrator the secretary of the department. This is because the chief administrator of the Executive Department of the Government is the President or the leader of the country. Other people who are in the different branches of the government are appointed by the President because they are a part of his cabinet.
The 3Rs by Russell and Burch are known to be the "alternative methods" to improve the treatment of laboratory animals, at the same time to advance the quality of science that uses animals for studies.
The 3Rs are Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement. Replacement is defined as minimizing the pain and suffering of the animals used in research. Reduction is for reducing the number of animals being used, and using healthier animals. Replacement is using alternative to animals such as tissue cultures and computer models.