Answer: classical conditioning
Explanation: Phobia are acquired through classical conditioning and maintained via operant conditioning, Carlos acquired the phobia because of his encounter with the bear thus, classical conditioning way of acquiring phobia. The operant conditioning of the Carlos's phobia is due to the fact that he still avoids bears i.e he keeps or maintained his phobia.
The correct answer is - dysphasic or dysphonic.Dysphasia is a speech disorder that makes it difficult for a person to generate speech and sometimes also understand it. It is generally a symptom of brain damage or disease. Dysphonia is a similar condition but it's caused by a physical disorder of speech organs.
The communist Manifesto was written by Karl Marx and by Friedrich Engels- Engels is the person you were looking for!
There is some discussion about the role of both authors in writing it, and some people suggest that Karl Marx did most of the work, with Engels having a smaller role.
Almost 3000 people died directly from the attacks (the official number, which includes the attackers) is 2996.
However, the actual death toll connected to the attack indirectly is bigger and it's harder to asses, as it lead to the US military actions in the middle East, searching for Osama Bin laden.
Diseases like smallpox spread, their shelter was bad, and supplies were scarce.
