Answer: 2; 3
For each FADH2 that supplies electrons to the electron transport system, 2ATPs are synthesized. For each NADH that supplies electrons to the electron transport system, 3 ATPs are synthesized.
Explanation:
Both FADH2 and NADH are you reducing equivalents in that they give off electron in terms of hydrogen atom or a hydride ion.
Thus, in the inner membrane of the mitochondria where electron transport occurs, FADH2 gives off its hydride ion yielding 2 ATP molecules; while NADH gives off its hydride ions to yield 3 ATP molecules
Dionusr. Anicent Marine mammals Based on the fossil,
Endospore staining is used to stain the spore which reside inside the microorganisms, and unlike the exospores, are not present outside the microbial cells. The endospore stain penetrates the microbial cells, and then stain the endospore.
Answer:
G1 checkpoint
Explanation:
The cell cycle consists of the series of activities that occurs from the replication of DNA to the actual division of the cell in an organism's cell. However, the cell has been internally programmed to ensure that all conditions are in place/favorable before allowing progression into the next stage of the cell cycle. This internally controlled mechanism ia called CHECKPOINTS. This checkpoint occurs at three main stages of the cell cycle;
after G1 phase, G2 phase and during M phase.
In the G1 checkpoint, the cell ensures that the cell is in the right shape to proceed into the Synthesis phase of the cell cycle where it will double it's DNA. The checkpoint checks majorly for damage or change to the DNA before replicating it. If any error is found, that cell is halted and prevented from proceeding to the S-phase of the cell cycle.
This is the case in the question, the cell has been halted and prevented from entering the S-phase. Hence, its DNA is still the same as it started. However, the DNA of the cells surrounding it has been doubled as they have undergone DNA replication during S-phase.
If B and b are the two alleles , B + b = 1 and B ^2 +2 Bb + b ^2 = 1.
If 16% of mice are homozygous black , B ^ 2 =0 .16, meaning B = 0 .4 and b = 1 - 0. 4 = 0 .6 .
Answer = Notice how you don't even need to know that 24% of the mice are heterozygous .
