First branches off the aorta supply the heart with nutrients and oxygen. The next branches give rise to the common carotid arteries, which further branch into the internal carotid arteries. The external carotid arteries supply blood to the tissues on the surface of the cranium.
Enzymes are biological catalysts which increase the rate of biochemical reactions without undergoing any change themselves. They bind with the substrate to form a enzyme substrate complex leding to the formation of product releasing free enzyme.
Enzymes have an optimum pH at which they show their maximum activity. Any change in the pH effects the enzyme and the enzymatic reaction. Most of the enzymes are functional at the neutral pH of 7 in the cell cytoplasm with a few exceptions. An acidic environment in the cell, changes the tertiary structure of the enzymes and the bonds of the enzymes are weakened. Thus, preventing the substrate binding to the active site of the enzyme and inhibiting catalysis. This is due to the change in the structure of the active site leading to the lack of electrostatic attraction between the enzyme and the substrate.
Answer:
Nutritional imbalance is a major challenge for living organisms to achieve systemic homeostasis and maintain normal physiology. Mammals have developed processes to control systemic nutrient utilization and storage. For example, excess nutrients are converted and stored in adipose tissue, liver, and muscle during times when nutrients are abundant. By contrast, stored nutrients are metabolized to provide energy and building blocks to maintain vital physiological processes when nutrient availability is low.
From these processes, adipose tissue volume changes in response to under- or overnutrition. This change in adipose tissue volume, in turn, influences the secretion of hormones and cytokines from adipose tissue (adipocytokines). Many of these adipocytokines have important immune signaling functions which can influence immune cell biology and alter the immune response.
H and O are examples of CHEMICAL SYMBOLS. All the elements of the periodic table have a symbol representing their name which is shortened down to one or two letters. This way, it is easier to write as a symbol instead of writing the whole word. These examples you have listed are symbols of the elements Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O). Other examples of symbols are S for sulfur, Fe for Iron, and Al for aluminum.
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Answer:
1)All matter is made up of atoms, which are in turn made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. Atoms come together to form molecules, which are the building blocks for all types of matter, according to Washington State University
2)Energy is in everything that we eat, consume, or use. Energy fuels and regulates the body's natural internal functions. It repairs cells and body tissue, is used to build muscle, and is necessary to maintain homeostasis — and the harsher the environment, the more energy is needed to maintain
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