The answer could be all of the above
I pretty sure it's a form but don't count me on it.
The answer would be false because you don't have to be good at it to participate and try your hardest
Answer: PKI certificates
Explanation: PKI is known as the public key infrastructure which is commonly used for the encryption of the data and also for the data signing. They have the ability to assign the keys pair.
PKI certificates are in the form of strings of alpha-numeric running for a mathematical functions. They use the third party protocols for the execution and they are widely accepted by the authoritative identity.