Answer:
Carbs, lipids (fats), proteins, and nucleic acids.
Answer:
D) In case 1, both PS I and PS II completely lose function; in case 2, a proton gradient is still produced.
Explanation:
The light dependent reaction of photosynthesis, which produces the ATP and NADPH needed in the light independent stage of the process, includes complexes of proteins and pigments called PHOTOSYSTEMS. These photosystems (I and II) are key to the functionality of the light dependent reactions in the thylakoid.
The major pigment present in both photosystems is CHLOROPHYLL A, which absorbs light energy and transfers electrons to the reaction center. Chlorophyll B is only an accessory pigment meaning it can be done without. Hence, if all of the chlorophyll A is inactivated in the algae but leaves chlorophyll B intact as in case 1, both PS I and PS II will lose their function because Chlorophyll A is the major pigment that absorbs light energy in both photosystems.
In case 2, if PS I is inhibited and PS II is unaffected, a PROTON GRADIENT WILL STILL BE PRODUCED because the splitting of water into protons (H+) and electrons (e-) occurs in PSII. Hence, H+ ions can still be pumped into the inner membrane of the thylakoid in order to build a proton gradient even without the occurrence of PS I.
H S G Low temperature and High temperature.
When H is negative and S positive and G negative there will be spontaneous low temperature and spontaneous high temperature. When H is negative, and S is negative and temperature dependent then the low temperature will be spontaneous and high temperature will be non-spontaneous. When H is positive and S is positive then the temperature dependent and low temperature are non-spontaneous and high temperature will be spontaneous. When H will be positive and S is negative then G will be positive, the low temperature will be non-spontaneous and high temperature will also be non-spontaneous.
2 or more different atoms are combined in definite proportions in any compound.
A statement that would be least likely used too describe variation is
“Variation is something that moves”
That is a least likely description.
