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Dominik [7]
3 years ago
13

2. In gluconeogenesis, it takes two enzymes to convert pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate. a. Explain what is happening chemically

to the substrates in these two reactions.
Biology
1 answer:
Marina CMI [18]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:1. Pyruvate carboxylase

2. Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase

Explanation:

The conversion of pyruvate to phosphoenol pyruvate is catalyzed by two enzymes Pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase

1. Pyruvate carboxylase reaction

Pyruvate in the cytoplasm enters the mitochondria. Then, carboxylase of pyruvate to oxaloacetate is catalysed by a mitochondrial enzyme, pyruvate carboxylase. It needs the co-enzymes biotin and ATP.

The oxaloacetate formed has to be transported from the mitochondrial to the cytosol because further reaction of gluconeogenesis are taking place in cytosol.

2. Phoaphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase (PEPCK)

In the cytoplasm, PEPCK enzyme then converts oxaloacetate to phoaphoenol pyruvate by removing a molecule of CO2. GTP or ITP donates the phosphate group.

The net effect of these two reactions is the conversion of pyruvate to phoaphoenol pyruvate. This circumverts the irreversible step in glycolysis catalyzed by pyruvate kinase (step 9 if glycolysis)

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Answer:

B) earth revolves around the sun

4 0
3 years ago
Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure. A) An increase in cardiac output corresponds to a decr
Allushta [10]

Answer: D) Excess red blood cell production would cause a blood pressure increase.

Explanation:

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Please rate and thank if this was helpful for you.

8 0
3 years ago
What type of biological molecule does the body use for long-term energy storage?
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Hello There! ^_^

Your question: What type of biological molecule does the body use for long-term energy storage..?

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Hope this helps!








7 0
3 years ago
How many possible open reading frames (frames without stop codons) are there that extend through the following sequence? 5'... C
fenix001 [56]

Answer:

There are 4 reading frames without stop codons.

Explanation:

1) To find the possible reading frames you need to separate your sequence in codons (trios)  for the 5'-> 3' sense, first, excluding the first nucleotide, then excluding 2 nucleotides and then not excluding nucleotides.

5'... C TTA CAG TTT ATT GAT ACG GAG AAG G... 3'  NO STOP CODON

5'... CT TAC AGT TTA TTG ATA CGG AGA AGG... 3'  NO STOP CODON

5'... CTT ACA GTT TAT <u>TGA</u> TAC GGA GAA GG... 3'

2)Then you find the complementary sequence (which you already have)

3'... GAA TGT CAA ATA ACT ATG CCT CTT CC... 5'

3'... GA ATG TCA AAT AAC TAT GCC TCT TCC... 5'

3'... G AAT GTC AAA TAA CTA TGC CTC TTC C... 5'

3) Next, you have to obtain the reverse complementary

CCT TCT CCG TAT CAA TAA ACT GTA AG NO STOP CODON

CC TTC TCC GTA TCA ATA AAC TGT AAG NO STOP CODON

C CTT CTC CGT ATC AAT AAA CTG <u>TAA</u> G

4)Now you need to find start (AGT in terms of DNA) and stop codons(<u>TAA</u>, <u>TAG,</u> <u>TGA</u>, also in terms of DNA), in 5->3 and de reverse complementary.

<em />

<em>As you can see, you have for open reading frames that lack of stop codon, unfortunately, they also lack of AGT, the start codon.</em>

I added a table where you can find thestart and stop codons as well as the proteins that they translate to in terms of RNA.

I hope you find this information interesting and useful, good luck!

8 0
3 years ago
Why is the conglomerate rock shown below good evidence that rocks form from other rocks?
horrorfan [7]

Explanation:

(1) The conglomerate contains some nonsedimentary rock fragments. (2) The conglomerate was formed from material that was buried deep underground. (3) The conglomerate's pebbles are all weathering at the same rate.

8 0
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