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Sometimes, molecules cannot move through the cell membrane on their own. These molecules need special transport proteins to help them move across the membrane, a process known as facilitative diffusion. ... Many channel proteins allow the diffusion of ions. Ions are charged atoms.
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i think is Destruction of coral
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- New seedlings: histone acetylation
- After cold exposure: histone methylation
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Vernalization is an adaptive mechanism whose objective is to ensure that flowering occurs only after winter (i.e., after cold conditions). In certain plants, this process (vernalization) suppresses the expression of genes that encode repressors of flowering. In <em>Arabidopsis</em>, vernalization is associated with histone modifications at <em>FLC</em> chromatin. The <em>FLOWERING LOCUS C </em>(<em>FLC</em>) is a MADS-box gene that acts as a repressor of flowering in <em>Arabidopsis</em>. Epigenetic modifications control the expression of the <em>FLC</em> gene. The <em>FLC</em> gene is expressed at low temperatures due to histone acetylation at <em>FLC</em> chromatin, and thereby the expression of <em>FLC</em> mRNA transcripts ensures that the <em>Arabidopsis</em> plant cannot flower. Subsequently, as the <em>Arabidopsis</em> plant is exposed to cold, <em>FLC</em> is repressed by the accumulation of trimethylation on lysine 27 of histone 3 (H3K27me3), thereby allowing it to flower when temperatures become warmer.
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Human X and Y chromosomes determine the biological sex of a person, with XX specifying female and XY specifying male. Although the Y chromosome contains a small region of similarity to the X chromosome so that they can pair during meiosis, the Y chromosome is much shorter and contains many fewer genes.
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