Answer:
At the 5th trophic level would be <em>quaternary</em> consumers that eat <em>tertiary </em>consumers.
Explanation:
Producers include photosynthetic organisms such as plants and algae. They are eaten by primary consumers (herbivores). Secondary consumers include omnivores and predators that prey on primary consumers. Tertiary consumers include omnivores and predators that prey on primary and secondary consumers. Quaternary consumers include omnivores and predators that prey on all lower trophic levels.
Answer: Green Algae are closely related to plants.
Explanation: Green Algae are closely related to plants because of they possess photosynthetic pigments as plants.
Green algae and plants are closely related in that they can manufacture their own food from nutrients and sunlight through the process of photosynthesis
Green algae also possess the same carotenoids and chlorophyll a and b as land plants which make them closely related.
Kelps don't have these characteristics.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
As you move up the energy pyramid, consumers receive 10% energy (Joules) from the organism they are receiving from.
Process. Permineralization is a type of fossilization involving deposits of minerals within the cells of organisms. Water from the ground, lakes, or oceans seeps into the pores of organic tissue and forms a crystal cast with deposited minerals. Crystals begin to form in the porous cell walls.
Agency problem
Agency problem also known as agency costs occurs in a two-party relationship (principal/agent) where the agent is expected to act or make decisions for the good of the principal.
For example in a corporate the relationship between the management and shareholders. The management is expected to make decisions that will maximize shareholders interest. The problem arises when the two parties have different interests. In the example above the manager may opt to make his own wealth and not act in the company’s best interest which could be maximizing company’s market value.
Examples of agency relationship in finance
Managers/stockholders
Managers/Creditors
Causes of conflicts between managers and stockholders may include;
Remuneration - low remunerations or fixed salaries despite increased profit margins.
Differences in risk profile- stockholders may prefer high-risk return investments contrary to the managers. When high-risk investment go bad the manager risks job loss
Manipulation of accounting systems- to reflect high profits.
Unnecessary perks management award themselves.
Solution to these problems include threat for firing in case of poor performance, shareholders may also threaten to sell the company, remuneration based on performance, incurring agency costs-these are costs incurred while hiring external auditors, setting a control system, legal costs for employment letters and contracts.
Agency problem may be reduced by motivating the manager to act for the companies best interest by offering incentives
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