A.Transmission electron microscopes are a versatile tool for many fields, including medicine, biology, nanotechnology, metallurgy, forensics, electronics, material science, and much more. A biologist might use a TEM to look at the internal structure of a cell.
b. Industries including microelectronics, semiconductors, medical devices, general manufacturing, insurance and litigation support, and food processing, all use scanning electron microscopy as a way to examine the surface composition of components and products.
c.Brightfield Microscope is used in several fields, from basic biology to understanding cell structures in cell Biology, Microbiology, Bacteriology to visualizing parasitic organisms in Parasitology. Most of the specimens to viewed are stained using special staining to enable visualization.
d.A dissecting microscope is used to view three-dimensional objects and larger specimens, with a maximum magnification of 100x. This type of microscope might be used to study external features on an object or to examine structures not easily mounted onto flat slides.
The answer is (D).. Stomata
Answer:
- Duplex RNA (dsRNA) can suppress the expression of a gene.
- miRNAs are short, single strands approximately 21 nucleotides long.
- miRNAs suppress gene expression by interfering with transcription.
- RNA interference can temporarily suppress the expression of a target gene.
Explanation:
The RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism is a naturally occurring biological process by which an organism suppresses gene expression by using sequence-specific small non-coding RNAs that are complementary to RNA (posttranscriptional silencing) or DNA (transcriptional silencing) sequences. Since its discovery, this mechanism has been exploited in molecular biology to control the expression of target genes. There are different classes of non-coding RNAs which are able to trigger RNAi gene silencing: microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs, only present in animals), etc. During their functioning, these non-coding RNAs are loaded into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to direct them to target sequences and trigger RNAi (for example, by cleaving target mRNAs). miRNAs are short, evolutionary conserved RNAs, that associate to the RISC complex in order to trigger both transcriptional and posttranscriptional gene silencing. During their biogenesis, small non-coding RNAs are double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), but they lose a strand (the passenger strand) when associate with the RISC complex, conserving only one strand (the guide strand) that bind by complementary base pairing to target sequences (either DNA in the nucleus or RNA in the cytoplasm).
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