Below are a list of costs and discounts for groceries. Round to the nearest dollar to estimate the total cost
2 answers:
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Remember that to find the vertical asymptotes of rational functions, we just need to set the denominator equal to zero and solve for the variable, in this case 
, so lets do it:
As you can see, our rational functions has 2 vertical asymptotes:
and 
As you can see, our rational functions has 2 vertical asymptotes:
By definition of covariance,
We have
Putting everything together, we find the covariance reduces to
as desired.