I assume each path
is oriented positively/counterclockwise.
(a) Parameterize
by

with
. Then the line element is

and the integral reduces to

The integrand is symmetric about
, so

Substitute
and
. Then we get

(b) Parameterize
by

with
. Then

and

Integrate by parts with



(c) Parameterize
by

with
. Then

and

-1
Step-by-step explanation:
..................
The domain is the set of possible inputs, i.e. the x-coordinates of the points.
Here those are 6, 1 and - 3 which in order is -3, 1, 6.
Then the answer is {-3, 1, 6}.
By the way note that this relation is not a function. Do you know why?
Because the image of -3 is not stated unambiguosly.
Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
jnj
It is going to be 3/10 because you simplify 6 blue/ 20 total marbles