C. How the organism is related to others
Explanation:
From a single fossil, a scientist can learn how the organism is related to others. Fossils are the preserved remains of organisms that are usually found in rocks.
- Organisms must posses certain characteristics to ensure their preservation as fossils.
- Most organisms that are preserved usually have hard parts.
- Some climatic influence can also arrest decay and provide a platform organisms to be preserved wholly.
- Fossils are used for relative dating of events in nature.
- They can also be used to determine how an organism is related to another.
- This is called phylogeny. It is the study of evolution and how organisms relates to one another.
- Fossils are very good and useful phylogenetic tools.
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The <u>Henderson-Hasselbalch equation</u> and pKa can be used to determine the % ionization if it is assumed that the amino and carboxyl groups are not preventing ionization.
- aspartate at ph 5.4 = 98.3%
- glutamate at ph 11.8 = 100%
- histidine at ph 8.0 = 99%
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation- Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation to determine the pH of a solution. Knowing the pH of a solution is particularly significant for many chemical processes as well as for biological systems. The estimated pH value of a buffer solution may be determined using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
pH- A solution's acidity or alkalinity may be determined based on the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution, or pH. Typically, the pH scale runs from 0 to 14.
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Answer: Ptolemaic system, also called geocentric system or geocentric model, mathematical model of the universe formulated by the Alexandrian astronomer and mathematician Ptolemy about 150 CE and recorded by him in his Almagest and Planetary Hypotheses. The Ptolemaic system is a geocentric cosmology; that is, it starts by assuming that Earth is stationary and at the centre of the universe. The “natural” expectation for ancient societies was that the heavenly bodies (Sun, Moon, planets, and stars) must travel in uniform motion along the most “perfect” path possible, a circle. However, the paths of the Sun, Moon, and planets as observed from Earth are not circular. Ptolemy’s model explained this “imperfection” by postulating that the apparently irregular movements were a combination of several regular circular motions seen in perspective from a stationary Earth.
Explanation:
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Answer:
b.It increases the likelihood that daughter cells contain different genetic material.
Explanation:
Morgan and Cattell for the first time used the term ‘crossing over’. Crossing over takes place during prophase I of meiosis. During crossing over, chromosome segments of non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes get exchanged. As a result, the daughter cells acquire different genetic materials. Thus, it provides genetic variation by creating a new combination of genes or get recombination and produces hybrids.
<span>The answer is nuclear imaging. A subject is asked to take in a radionuclide (radioactive
isotopes) and as the radioactive material passes though the body, it continually emits radiation that is detectable by an instrument such as a gamma camera. Examples of nuclear imaging
techniques are SPECT and PET.</span>