Answer:
Letter A. <u>Quality through constant innovation and quality assurance training.</u>
Explanation:
Alternative A is correct, as W. Edwards Deming was a pioneer scholar in the application of organizational quality management.
He was responsible for creating the 14 points, which are principles for management that will help the organization to achieve total quality. He was also responsible for popularizing the PDCA Cycle (PLAN, DO, CHECK, ACT), which is a strategic tool widely used worldwide to ensure continuous improvement and the quality of processes and products.
- PLAN: define objectives, methods and resources.
- DO: Perform, educate and train.
- CHECK: Measure and evaluate
- ACT: act correctly.
Continuous improvement can be achieved through the correct and targeted use of the PDCA cycle towards organizational objectives. For Deming, without continuous improvement, there is no survival of the organization in the market, so he argues that continuous improvement must be implemented in all phases of the project, to achieve the benefits of continuous improvement of processes, increased productivity and reduced costs.
Answer:
The second one
Explanation:
Control through rules and budgets can lead to rigidity and loss of creativity in an organization in a way that it limits change. When all available funds are allocated to specific operational budgets, it may be impossible to procure additional funds, when an opportunity arises elsewhere. Some organizations are therefore working in a way to back their budgeting systems.
Answer:
A. Histogram
Explanation:
Histogram is nothing but the diagram formed of rectangles in a graphical form representing the distribution of numerical data. The strength of histogram is that the picture of location and variation of data set can be read easily as the individual data are grouped together to give clear picture of occurrence of frequency data in each class in the data set.
Answer:
$132,300
Explanation:
The total manufacturing costs for the month can be calculated as follows
Direct labor + indirect materials + factory manager salary + indirect labour + direct materials + depreciation on factory equipment
= 40,600 + 16,200 + 8,200 + 10,000 + 7,300 + 41,500 + 8,500
= $132,300
Hence the total manufacturing costs if $132,300
Answer: d. provide disclosure in the footnotes to the financial statements.
Explanation:
A contingent liability is an obligation that a company might owe in future depending on the outcome of an event such as a law suit.
To record a contingent liability in the books, two conditions must be satisfied;
- Loss must be probable
- Amount must be estimable
If these two conditions are not satisfied then the contingent liability may simply be disclosed as a footnote in the financial statement. The amount here is not estimable so can be disclosed as a footnote.
