Although there should be choices in this question, many findings in the urinalysis can point out a serious illness as long as it is clinically correlated. The color of the urine such as tea-colored urine may be a sign of obstruction of the biliary tree such that in choledocholithases or stones in the common bile duct. The consistency of the urine such as when it is hazy may indicate infection or albuminuria. Sugars present in the urine may indicate diabetes mellitus. Increased WBC (or pus cells) and RBC in the urine may point to a urinary tract infection (pyelonephritis) or glomerulonephritis. A positive protein in the urine may indicate albuminuria characteristic of nephrotic syndrome.
Answer: Cell differentiation is how generic embryonic cells become specialized cells. This occurs through a process called gene expression. Gene expression occurs because of certain signals in your body, both inside and outside of your cells. Cell differentiation occurs during multiple stages of development.
Answer:
Examples of environmental factors that may alter salivary peroxidase include periodontitis, oral hygiene, presence of heavy metal ions, bacteria (e.g., <em>Streptococcus gordonii</em>), anaerobic conditions, temperature, pH, etc.
Explanation:
Peroxidase is an enzyme found in all aerobic cells that act to convert toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into dioxygen (O2) and water (H2O). This enzyme plays an important non-specific defensive role against proliferating micro-organisms that cause periodontal diseases such as periodontitis, which is a serious inflammatory disease affecting the tissues around the teeth. The most common environmental factors influencing the development of periodontitis include oral hygiene, smoking and age. In this regard, it has recently been shown that there is a positive correlation between salivary peroxidase activity and periodontal health, especially in non-smoker individuals. In consequence, it is expected that smoker individuals are more prone to suffer periodontal diseases by reduction of the salivary peroxidase levels.
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