The correct answer to this open question is the following.
You forgot to include the options. However, we can say the following.
what the governments of the city-state of Athens and the Roman Republic have in common was that they were democracies. Of course, we are talking about the Roman Republic, because after the Republic, it began the times of the Roman Emperors.
In was first Solon, ruler of Athens, -the most important city-state in Greece- the one that started to recognize dome liberties for the Athenian people and made some reformations. But it was truly Cleisthenes, the one who allowed Athenian men to participate in elections to choose their rulers. So we can say that it was the origins of democracy, although in those Greek years is was a limited democracy.
