Compounds having covalent bonds are dinitrogen trioxide, carbon dioxide.
compounds having ionic bonds are calcium chloride, Magnesium nitride, sodium bromide, aluminum oxide.
Explanation:
When a positive charged cation gets bonded with negative charge anion by transferring its electrons the ionic bonds are formed. It is seen between metals and non-metals.
In covalent bonds the electrons are shared equally between two atoms. It is generally seen bonds between 2 non metals.
Dinitrogen trioxide : It is a covalent compound as bonding between two non metals is there ie nitrogen and oxygen.
In carbon dioxide carbon has four electrons in outermost shell which have strong attraction with nucleus cannot be lost neither it can accommodate 4 electrons to stabilize the valence shell. Thus sharing takes place and its covalent bonding.
In calcium chloride ionic bond is formed because calcium gives 2 electrons to each of the chloride atoms and thus gets 2+ charge on calcium. Sharing of electrons let the octet complete.
Magnesium nitride is formed when Mg loses 2 electrons to complete octet and nitride gains 3 electrons. The electrostatic attraction causes ionic bonding in it.
sodium bromide: Bromine is electronegative i.e electron donor and sodium is highly electrospositive hence sharing of electrons would cause electrostatic attraction between them.
aluminum oxide : The ideal situation of ionic bonds that is between metal and non-metals is present in aluminum oxide.
