The
kidneys can have a direct influence on blood pH, by pushing hydrogen ions and
bicarbonate into and out of urine.
<span>Regulation
of blood pH or acid-base homeostasis is maintained by kidneys. Kidneys regulate
pH by excreting hydrogen ions (H</span>⁺<span>) into the urine and reabsorbing bicarbonate (HCO3</span>⁻<span>)
from the urine. <span>Acidosis (low blood pH) causes more
bicarbonate to be reabsorbed and in response to alkalosis (high blood pH) kidneys
excrete more bicarbonate.</span></span>
The second law of thermodynamics is a statement of the law of conservation of energy say that heat cannot be completely converted into mechanical energy
