<span>These are:
1. <u>Number of microbes</u>: if there is a lot of microbes, then more time is needed to kill all of them.
2. <u>Characteristics of microbes</u>: some microbes have resistance genes, so they will not react to agents they are resistant to; some microbes have protective structures so treatment will be inhibited.
3. <u>Time of exposure</u>: different agents will need different time to kill microbes.
4. <u>Environment</u>: the effect of temperature, pH, organics both on microbes and agents.</span>
Digestion begins in the mouth with chewing and ends in the small intestine. As food passes through the GI tract, it mixes with digestive juices, causing large molecules of food to break down into smaller molecules. ...Digestive juices contain enzymes that break food down into different nutrients.
Decrease the kilovoltage peak(kVp) by 10%
<u>Kilovoltage peak</u> is referred to as kVp. This is the maximum voltage that the X-ray machine will produce during an exposure.
For instance, if 80 kVp is chosen, the maximum power of x-rays produced during this exposure is 80 kilovolts.
The<u> degree of contrast</u> is controlled by kVp means the radiographic contrast decreases as the kVp rises. <u>Increasing</u> kVp also <u>increases </u>the image's overall density (darkness).
Therefore it is best to <u>decrease</u> the kVp by 10% for the next radiograph as a relatively minor change in kVp can have a big impact on the image.
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Answer:
Objects able to block all the light are called opaque and will form a shadow. ... The closer an object is to the light source, the larger the shadow it casts. This is because an object closer to the source will block a larger area of the light, increasing its shadow size.
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
Protein molecules binding to DNA initiate sequences of biochemical transitions that control and regulate all major process in the living cells
These protein molecules strongly bond to special sequences of DNA known as specific binding sites
Theoretically , there are two main components of binding forces
- One of them is purely electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged DNA and protein molecules that are mostly sequence independent
- Other one comes from particular DNA sequence that strengthens the attraction of protein molecules
The origin of this increased affinity is due to combination of van der waals , hydrogen , covalent and steric interactions as well as electrostatic charge patterns recognition
Some studies has suggested that there is an additional statistical interaction potential between protein and DNA molecules. Source of this interaction is due to the specific structure and symmetry of DNA sequences to which protein molecule binds
DNA sequences with repeated homogeneous segments (A:T or G:C) have stronger affinity for association to DNA binding proteins as compared to heterogeneous sequences
3 types of interactions takes place on encounter of protein and DNA molecule which are van der waals forces , hydrogen bonds between complimentary organic bases (base pairs) and hydrophobic interactions between the nitrogenous bases and the surrounding sheath of water
Of all these forces van der waals forces are strongest and hydrophobic interaction between the nitrogenous bases and surrounding sheath of water is the weakest
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