Answer:
<h3> I DIDN'T UNDERSTAND IS IT FUN FACT OR A YOU'RE TRYING TO ASK</h3><h3>QUESTION ? </h3>
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
What change in the book value of the company's equity took place at the end of previous year, and was negative.
The book value of equity decreased by $2.094 billion compared with that at the end of previous year, and was negative.  Change in book value = 1638+456 = 2094 billion
What is book value of equity?
The amount of money left over after a company's assets have been liquidated and any outstanding debts have been settled using the profits from the sale is known as the book value of equity, or "Shareholders' Equity."
Therefore,
The book value of equity decreased by $2.094 billion compared with that at the end of previous year, and was negative.  Change in book value = 1638+456 = 2094 billion
To learn more about book value of equity from the given link;
brainly.com/question/20596921
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Correct Answer:
Producer
Explanation:
Consumer is the one who buys the product and uses it. In this case consumer will be the friend.
Producer is the one who makes, builds or manufactures something and sell it to someone. According to the given example, if I make a cake and my friend buys the cake from me, I am the Producer. 
Purchaser is the one who purchases the product. So the friend will also be a purchaser in this case.
Commodity is the raw material or the basic goods that can be sold.
So, the best answer to this question is producer.
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
 The amount of bad debts expense is $16,000
Explanation:
Bad debt :  The Bad debt is that amount in which the chances of payment receive is very less. Thus, the bad debt amount is deducted in the balance sheet under debtors account and also it is shown in Profit and loss Account in debit side. 
Under direct write minus off method for bad debts, the bad debt amount is recognized irrespective of whatever information is given. 
Since in the question, the non-collectible amount is given which is $16,000. 
So, the amount of bad debts expense is $16,000