The Karger's algorithm relates to graph theory where G=(V,E) is an undirected graph with |E| edges and |V| vertices. The objective is to find the minimum number of cuts in edges in order to separate G into two disjoint graphs. The algorithm is randomized and will, in some cases, give the minimum number of cuts. The more number of trials, the higher probability that the minimum number of cuts will be obtained.
The Karger's algorithm will succeed in finding the minimum cut if every edge contraction does not involve any of the edge set C of the minimum cut.
The probability of success, i.e. obtaining the minimum cut, can be shown to be ≥ 2/(n(n-1))=1/C(n,2), which roughly equals 2/n^2 given in the question.Given: EACH randomized trial using the Karger's algorithm has a success rate of P(success,1) ≥ 2/n^2.
This means that the probability of failure is P(F,1) ≤ (1-2/n^2) for each single trial.
We need to estimate the number of trials, t, such that the probability that all t trials fail is less than 1/n.
Using the multiplication rule in probability theory, this can be expressed as
P(F,t)= (1-2/n^2)^t < 1/n
We will use a tool derived from calculus that
Lim (1-1/x)^x as x->infinity = 1/e, and
(1-1/x)^x < 1/e for x finite.
Setting t=(1/2)n^2 trials, we have
P(F,n^2) = (1-2/n^2)^((1/2)n^2) < 1/e
Finally, if we set t=(1/2)n^2*log(n), [log(n) is log_e(n)]
P(F,(1/2)n^2*log(n))
= (P(F,(1/2)n^2))^log(n)
< (1/e)^log(n)
= 1/(e^log(n))
= 1/n
Therefore, the minimum number of trials, t, such that P(F,t)< 1/n is t=(1/2)(n^2)*log(n) [note: log(n) is natural log]
Answer:
DEH and HEJ are complementary angles for example.
Step-by-step explanation:
We need to provide any 2 angles that sum to 90deg. We can clearly see that DEH and HEJ are complementary, we can see the same for JEK and KEF.
I don't believe there's more.
To compare both, we find the volume of both cubes as follows:
V of cube A = 10 g / 10 g/cm^3 = 1 cm^3
V of cube B = 10 g / 0.37 g/cm^3 = 27 cm^3
I think the correct answer from the choices listed above is option D. Each edge of cube b is three times larger than cube. Hope this helps. Have a nice day.
Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
The vertex and focus are horizon aligned, so the parabola is horizontal and the directrix is a vertical line.
The vertex is halfway between focus and directrix. Directrix: x = -4
Answer:
£0.60
Step-by-step explanation:
If each pack costs £1.59 and Nadia orders 15 packs,
then the total order before discount = 1.59 x 15 = £23.85
From the table given, we can see that for an order of £23.85 a 2.5% discount will be applied.
Divide £23.85 by 100 to get 1%: £23.85 ÷ 100 = £0.2385
Now multiply by 2.5 to get 2.5%: £0.2385 × 2.5 = £0.59625 = £0.60
Alternatively, the calculation in one expression is:
(1.59 × 15) × 0.025 = 0.59625
