Directly The immune system is designed to defend the body against foreign or dangerous invaders. Such invaders include
Microorganisms (commonly called germs, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi)
Parasites (such as worms)
Cancer cells
Transplanted organs and tissues
To defend the body against these invaders, the immune system must be able to distinguish between
What belongs in the body (self)
What does not (nonself or foreign) normal immune response consists of the following:
Recognizing a potentially harmful foreign antigen
Activating and mobilizing forces to defend against it
Attacking it
Controlling and ending the attack
If the immune system malfunctions and mistakes self for nonself, it may attack the body’s own tissues, causing an autoimmune disorder, such as rheumatoid arthritis, Hashimoto thyroiditis, or systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus).
In a voltaic cell, electrons flow from the anode to the cathode. Anode is negative while cathode is positive.
In an electrolytic cell, electron flows from the cathode to the anode. Anode is positive and cathode is negative.
For both, Oxidation occurs at the anode and Reduction occurs at the cathode.
The correct answer is: A) pontine respiratory centers
The respiratory centre in the pons is responsible for generating and maintaining the rhythm of respiration. Besides this elementary function, it also has the ability to adjust respiration rhythm in c response to physiological changes. Respiratory centre consists of three major respiratory groups of neurons:
• The dorsal respiratory group (DRG)- initiates inspiration (inhalation)
• the ventral respiratory group (VRG)-responsible for exhalation
• Pontine respiratory group- includes the pneumotaxic (controls both the rate and the pattern of breathing) and apneustic centers (promotes inhalation by sending signals to dorsal group).
Origin of replication
Termination site? I am not too sure about the second one.
Answer:
D penguins. an stay warm in cold artic waters
Explanation:
lipids carry extra energy and store it
