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MakcuM [25]
3 years ago
11

What evidence from the video indicates that the rats, like humans, find nicotine to be a weak reinforcer?

Health
1 answer:
yKpoI14uk [10]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

b. The rats press the lever least when cocaine is presented.

Explanation:

   Reinforcement or reward refers to the physiological processes by which a given behavior, such as drug use, becomes habitual.  This  occurs when neurons release the neurotransmitter  dopamine to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) after drug use.

  In tobacco, nicotine is the main component  triggering of the reinforcement. Once inside the brain,  nicotine activates nicotinic receptors, which in turn  contributes to the reinforcement mechanism. Following repeated exposure to nicotine, a neuroadaptation process is established for some (but  not all) effects of nicotine. Increased brain nAChRs (acetylcoline receptors) are observed in response to desensitization of these nicotine-mediated receptors.  This desensitization can play an important role in the development of tolerance and dependence.

  The fact that nicotine is a weak reinforcer, means that maybe the rat already had an neuroadaptation with this drug, not feeling anything with this drug anymore, and thats why he would prefer other drug, like cocaine, pressing the lever of nicotine less often.

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3 years ago
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Select the correct answer.
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Answer:

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Which subtype of type a fibers transmits signals that are interpreted and perceived as pain?
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<h3>Delta fibres</h3>

A delta fibres (also known as A fibres) are a type of sensory fibre. They respond to cold and pressure stimuli, and as nociceptors, their stimulation is perceived as fast/first pain input. Because they are thinly myelinated, they transmit impulses quicker than unmyelinated C fibres but slower than other, thicker myelinated "A" class fibres.

Structure

They have myelinated axons that are thin (2 to 5 m in diameter) and have a moderate conduction velocity, or speed at which a nerve signal moves (2 to 30 m/s). These nerve fibres make up the afferent portion of the reflex arc that causes the body to "draw away" from noxious stimuli because they are linked to acute (sharp) pain (e.g. retracting your hand away from a hot stove). A part of A fibres is also linked to pressure and temperature perception (also known as "cold receptors" in mammals). Contrarily, slow-conducting, unmyelinated C fibres convey gradual, scorching pain.

Learn more about receptors here:-

brainly.com/question/14613585

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