Answer:
Separation of duties.
Explanation:
Internal controls can be defined as the policies, set of rules, and procedures implemented or put in place by an organization to protect its assets, boost efficiency, enhance financial accountability, enforce adherence to company policies and prevent fraudulent behaviors among the employees.
The main purpose of internal controls is to guarantee that loss is eliminated by ensuring that there is an accurate and reliable accounting system.
One of the essential characteristics of internal control is the principle of establishing responsibility such as assigning responsibility to specific individuals. An internal control is considered to be most effective when an individual is solely responsible for a specific accounting task.
Hence, the principle of establishing responsibility include the following;
I. Only one person or an individual is being responsible for a task.
II. An individual is solely responsible for the authorization of transactions.
III. An individual is solely responsible for the approval of transactions.
Separation of duties is a cornerstone used as an internal control measure for the protection of information assets and in the prevention of financial loss.
According to the separation of duties, an employee such as an accountant who opens a bank statement should not be the same person that is saddled with the responsibility of reconciling cash inflow and outflow.
Answer:
2. of increasing and diminishing returns.
Explanation:
In short run cost there are usually fixed factors of production. That is, it refers to a firm's physical ability to produce.
The U shape is as result of decline in average fixed costs eg Rent, and due to diminishing marginal returns to the variable input such as labor.
Because of the law of diminishing returns, once the marginal product of labor initially rises, and reaches it's peak it then continuously falls as production increases thereby creating a U Shape graph.
the horizontal portion of the aggregate supply curve.
What is GDP?
The total monetary or market worth of all the finished goods and services produced within a nation's boundaries during a certain time period is known as the gross domestic product (GDP). It serves as a thorough assessment of the state of the economy in a particular nation because it is a wide indicator of total domestic production.
Even while GDP is frequently estimated on a yearly basis, it can also be calculated quarterly. For instance, the government of the United States produces an annualized GDP estimate for both the calendar year and each fiscal quarter. Each piece of data in this report is presented in real terms, which means that it has been adjusted for price changes and is therefore net of inflation.
Learn more about GDP with the help of given link:-
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Answer:
Eminent Domain
Explanation:
The procedure that allows for this is known as Eminent Domain. This allows for the municipality (government) to take private property and convert it into public use if and only if they provide just compensation to the property owners. This procedure is protected/provided by the Fifth Amendment and allows the government to do so even if the property owner does not want to relinquish ownership.
Answer:
The value of the stock = $19.64
Explanation:
According to the dividend valuation model, <em>the value of a stock is the present value of the expected future cash flows from the stock discounted at the the required rate of return.</em>
Year Workings Present value(PV)
1 $1 × (1.22) × 1.11^(-1) = 1.10
2 $1 × (1.22)^2 ×(1.11)^(-2) = 1.21
3 $1 × ((1.22)^2 × (1.05))/0.11-0.05) = 21.35 ( PV in year 2 terms)
PV (in year 0) of Year 3 dividend = 21.35 × 1.11^(-2)
= 17.33 (see notes)
<em>The value of the stock</em> = $1.10+ $1.21 + 17.3
= $19.64
Notes:
<em>Note the growth applied to year 3 dividend gives the PV in year 2 terms. So we need to re-discount again to year 0.</em>
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The value of the stock = $19.64