These two areas are the main focus of essay tests. Essays are long texts that put forward a particular view or way of thinking, and defend it. This particular view is the thesis, and the thesis usually comes from the material that we you have covered in class. Essays also focus on debate, as they defend this particular point of view over others. During an essay test, you are usually asked to write an essay that fulfills these requirements.
True, essays usually give you a choice of 2 sides, and asks which one you 'prefer' or think is the best of both, and to defend your side, and "bash down" the other one
